Enhancing Recovery:
Helping Bird Rescuers Help Birds

The tiny brown oval with a whisper of orange sits, silent and still, on the cold pavement. Suffering from head trauma after a brutal encounter with Toronto's illumi-nated towers, the little Ovenbird is in shock.

Human hands close gently around her body and she is lifted up. Suddenly she is face to face with a huge mouth that opens and closes, seemingly predatory noises reverberating from its depths. Terrified at this new, perceived danger, weakened by cold and shock, the bird slips quietly into a comatose state.

Saddened at this turn of events, the volunteer lowers the bird into a paper bag. Sometime later, a flutter in the bag heralds the renewed possibility of survival, but only when all the noises stop and the air warms around her will the bird calm down and sleep. Finally, true recovery begins.

It helps to understand what's happening here. The stress from traumatic injuries, confusing environments and rescue can send a bird into shock. Shock is a life-threatening syndrome resulting from a loss of circulating blood. This can be from actual blood loss. Or it can be the body's response to trauma that prevents blood from circulating effectively to all body parts (in an emergency blood is shunted to vital organs). The severity of shock depends on the extent of the injury, the individual bird's responses and resources, and the timing of intervention and treatment
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Here's how we can minimize stress:

1) Safe & minimal holding - Take the bird's head between your first and index fingers, gently surrounding the body and wings with the rest of your hand (the Bander's Grip). Assess the bird's status, try to determine the species and place the bird inside a clean paper bag. Do this as quickly and quietly as possible.

2) Warmth - Brown paper bags provide some insulation. A warm building or car is better. Please note: Holding a bird in our hands might warm it, but remember that the birds see us as potential predators and our close proximity is frightening to them. Likewise, blowing on the bird places our mouth terrifyingly close!

3) Dark - Again, the paper bags provide this. Just make sure that the bag is securely closed either with a paper clip or by firmly scrunching up the top.

4) Quiet - Hard to provide, especially since we find it safer to work in teams. Still, it helps the bird enormously if we can keep noise to a minimum.

5) Motion - The gentle sway of the volunteer's walk seems to reassure some birds (maybe it reminds them of sleeping on a swaying branch!), but violent movements have the opposite effect.

6) Time - Sometimes a couple of hours in a warm, dark, quiet place is all the bird needs to recover. Where there are obvious injuries, however, timely transport to a rehabilitation centre may be crucial for recovery.

7) Comfort - Passerines (perching birds) are more comfortable, and therefore less stressed, when they have something to grip, even if it's only a tissue. Be careful, if you decide to use a piece of cloth, that it's not made of a fabric that could entangle the bird's claws.

8) Knowledgeable assessment - Check for obvious injuries (bloody or bulging eyes, a drooping wing, a dragging foot) or obstructions to flight (spider webs wrapped around legs or wings). Learn to recognize more subtle signs. If you have any doubts at all, call in a more knowledgeable volunteer or take the bird to a rehab centre at your first opportunity.

A final note: some FLAP volunteers are trained in the administration of dexamethasone, a steroid given to birds in severe shock. However, necropsies (animal dissections) have shown permanent muscle damage to some birds that have received injections. With the help of a holistic veterinarian we are now exploring alternative treatments such as homeopathy.

We all care deeply about the birds. And we have had many successful rescues. Let's combine common sense with concern and we will save many more.

Maureen Flynn
Maureen is FLAP's Volunteer Coordinator.